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자료유형
학술저널
저자정보
홍석률 (성신여자대학교)
저널정보
한국사연구회 한국사연구 韓國史硏究 제158호
발행연도
2012.9
수록면
197 - 230 (34page)

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This article explores the relationship between the military purification movement which occurred right after the April Revolution in 1960 and the military coup in May 16, 1961. The leaders of 5.16 Coup were the officers which had led military purification movement. They argued that military purification movement was deterred by Chang Myon regime which was corrupt and incompetent. Thus, they inevitably overthrew Chang Myon regime by the coup. However, both of the recently declassified U.S. government documents and the newspaper articles published in South Korea at that time showed that the U.S. generals such as United Nation Commander Magruder strongly opposed the purging top South Korean generals who were responsible for corruption and election rigging during the Rhee Syngman regime. Actually, Chang Myon regime was sympathetic to the military purification movement and tried to change top generals. If Chang Myon government had succeeded in changing top military officers, his government has seized military apparatus far more strongly and has responded to the coup plot more effectively. However, intervention of the U.S. generals hindered Chang Myon regime from pursuing the reform of military personnel. Some officers who took part in military purification movement planed military coup for their own political purpose, not for morals of military reform. The coup leaders indorsed General Chang Do-young, Army Chief of Staff, as the nominal head of the coup because they wanted to show clearly that their coup was supported by all the troops in South Korea and the coup was anti-communism and pro-America. Then, Chang Do-young had been one of the generals who were on the list for purging in the course of military purification movement because he was outstanding pro-Rhee regime officer in 1950s. The coup leaders betrayed themselves the justification of military purification movement for the success of the coup.

목차

Ⅰ. 머리말
Ⅱ. 정군(整軍)운동과 한국 정부, 한국군, 미국의 상호관계
Ⅲ. 정군운동과 쿠데타 추진의 관련성
Ⅳ. 맺음말
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〈ABSTRACT〉

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