Objectives:This study was performed to assess the effect of cognitive function on occupational rehabilitation and to review the clinical and psychosocial factors that may affect occupational rehabilitation in patients with schizophrenia. Methods:A total of 58 patients were enrolled and divided into three groups : group of occupational rehabilitation (n=18), day-care(n=19), and out-patient care(n=21). For the cognitive function assessment, the Korean version of the MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery(MCCB) and the Korean version of the UCSD Performance-based Skills Assessment (UPSA) were performed. To assess clinical symptoms, the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale, the Korean version of the Personal and Social Performance Scale(PSP), and the Clinical Global Impression?Schizophrenia scale(CGISCH) were performed. For the psychosocial factors assessment, the Korean Insight Scale for Psychosis and the Korean Version of 4th Revision of Schizophrenia Quality of Life Scale were performed. Results:On the MCCB, the occupational rehabilitation group showed higher scores than the day-care group in the verbal learning and social cognition domains. On the UPSA, the occupational rehabilitation group showed higher scores than the day-care group in the communication domain. No significant difference was found between the groups in the total scores of these cognitive function tests. On the CGI-SCH and PSP, the occupational rehabilitation group revealed better outcomes than the other groups. Conclusion:The schizophrenia patients with occupational rehabilitation had higher cognitive functions on some subscales, which may reflect social cognitive functions, and higher CGI-SCH and PSP scores.