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자료유형
학술저널
저자정보
도인환 (계명대학교)
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한국셰익스피어학회 Shakespeare Review Shakespeare Review Vol.55 No.3
발행연도
2019.9
수록면
393 - 429 (37page)

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Generally, critics admit that Shakespeare’s Antony and Cleopatra depicts Cleopatra as a femme fatale and Antony as a debauched warrior who loses his heroic qualities due to the corrupting seductress. Moreover, they also acknowledge Plutarch’s Lives, Shakespeare’s main source, is far from an objective record of historical realities. Yet, they have not paid a close attention to what historical incident brought forth blackening rumours which disfigured their images everlastingly. This essay aims to delve into the historical moment which gave rise to the stigmatizing discourses about Antony and Cleopatra. It was Antony’s lavish triumph held in Alexandria, 34 BC, which provoked fierce propaganda wars between the two rivalry factions of Antony and Octavius. Celebrating his success in Armenian war with the triumph, Antony also proclaimed the so-called ‘Donations of Alexandria’ by which many Levantine countries under his rule were allotted to Cleopatra and her children. In response, the Octavian faction tried to smear the images of Antony and Cleopatra by denouncing the proclamation. Octavius’ discursive manipulation played a crucial role in defeating Antony in the Battle of Actium in 31 BC. After Octavius was hailed as Augustus in 27 BC, his imperial regime deployed a more compelling machine of spin-doctors to aggravate the opprobrious images of Antony and Cleopatra, which have ever since pervaded their popular images including Shakespeare’s Antony and Cleopatra. These genealogical studies attest to the enduring premise that history is always written by the victors.

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